Pod ledov\u00fdm povrchem Antarktidy se ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeden z nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch \u00fakaz\u016f na\u0161\u00ed planety \u2013 Antravit\u00e1ln\u00ed jeskyn\u011b. Tento ned\u00e1vno objeven\u00fd podzemn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 na n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f a je vypln\u011bn nez\u00e1visle sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00edmi k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 emituj\u00ed tajemn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo bez jak\u00e9hokoliv zjevn\u00e9ho zdroje energie. Co ale d\u011bl\u00e1 Antravit\u00e1ln\u00ed jeskyn\u011b opravdov\u00fdm unik\u00e1tem, jsou dosud neobjeven\u00e9 bioluminiscen\u010dn\u00ed organismy, kter\u00e9 se v t\u011bchto jeskyn\u00edch voln\u011b pohybuj\u00ed a tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad jedine\u010dn\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n
Odkryt\u00ed t\u00e9to lokalitu p\u0159i\u0161lo jako \u0161ok pro v\u011bdeckou komunitu. P\u0159i rutinn\u00edm vrt\u00e1n\u00ed hlubok\u00e9ho ledov\u00e9ho j\u00e1dra v\u011bdci n\u00e1hodou narazili na prvn\u00ed indikace jeskyn\u011b. Po proveden\u00ed detailn\u00edch geologick\u00fdch a sonarov\u00fdch anal\u00fdz se potvrdilo, \u017ee pod ledem se skute\u010dn\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd podzemn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. N\u00e1sledovala expedice, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla za \u00fakol jeskyn\u011b prozkoumat. Vedena byla skupinou mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch specialist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vybaveni nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi technologiemi pro podzemn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum.<\/p>\n
Prvn\u00ed vstup do Antravit\u00e1ln\u00edch jeskyn\u00ed odhalil n\u00e1dhern\u00fd sv\u011bt, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 sc\u00e9ny z jin\u00e9 planety. St\u011bny jeskyn\u011b jsou posety tis\u00edci mal\u00fdch, sv\u011bt\u00e9lkuj\u00edc\u00edch k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed dojem no\u010dn\u00ed oblohy poset\u00e9 hv\u011bzdami. Toto sv\u011btlo je dostate\u010dn\u011b siln\u00e9 na to, aby umo\u017enilo p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed bioluminiscen\u010dn\u00edch organism\u016f, kter\u00e9 zde v\u011bdci objevili. Tyto organismy, variuj\u00edc\u00ed od mikroskopick\u00fdch jednobun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch druh\u016f po slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mnohobun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 struktury, jsou zcela unik\u00e1tn\u00ed a nebyly d\u0159\u00edve nikde na Zemi zaznamen\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n
V\u011bdeck\u00fd t\u00fdm prov\u00e1d\u00ed intenzivn\u00ed studie, aby pochopil, jak tento ekosyst\u00e9m funguje, jak\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 procesy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l\u016fm sv\u00edtit, a jak\u00e9 biologick\u00e9 mechanismy stoj\u00ed za bioluminiscenc\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed fauny. Jedna z teori\u00ed navrhuje, \u017ee k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly mohou b\u00fdt schopny absorbovat a recyklovat chemick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed bioluminiscen\u010dn\u00ed organismy k produkci sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n
Objem a potenci\u00e1l biologick\u00e9 i geologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti Antravit\u00e1ln\u00edch jeskyn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje revolu\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro v\u011bdu. M\u016f\u017ee zde doch\u00e1zet k biochemick\u00fdm proces\u016fm, o kter\u00fdch jsme dosud nev\u011bd\u011bli, co\u017e by mohlo v\u00e9st k nov\u00fdm objev\u016fm v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b nemoc\u00ed, v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a mo\u017en\u00e1 i k nov\u00fdm zp\u016fsob\u016fm uchov\u00e1n\u00ed energie. Otev\u00edr\u00e1 se n\u00e1m nov\u00fd sv\u011bt, pln\u00fd z\u00e1had a mo\u017enost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010dekaj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdzkum a ochrana tohoto jedine\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u00edsta jsou nyn\u00ed prioritou, proto\u017ee takov\u00fdto biotop m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velmi citliv\u00fd na z\u00e1sahy z vn\u011bj\u0161ku. A\u010dkoliv je p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u00e1 my\u0161lenka dal\u0161\u00edho prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e9ho turistick\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed, je zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zachovat Antravit\u00e1ln\u00ed jeskyn\u011b v jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9m stavu co nejd\u00e9le, aby v\u011bda mohla pln\u011b pochopit a vyu\u017e\u00edt jejich tajemstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pod ledov\u00fdm povrchem Antarktidy se ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeden z nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch \u00fakaz\u016f na\u0161\u00ed planety \u2013 Antravit\u00e1ln\u00ed jeskyn\u011b. Tento ned\u00e1vno objeven\u00fd podzemn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 na n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f a je vypln\u011bn nez\u00e1visle sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00edmi k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 emituj\u00ed tajemn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo bez jak\u00e9hokoliv zjevn\u00e9ho zdroje energie. Co ale d\u011bl\u00e1 Antravit\u00e1ln\u00ed jeskyn\u011b opravdov\u00fdm unik\u00e1tem, jsou dosud neobjeven\u00e9 bioluminiscen\u010dn\u00ed organismy, kter\u00e9 se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pravda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2260"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jenpravda.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}